The Sambar deer is listed as a a vulnerable species on the IUCN Red list because of the sustained decline in their population across its range;; it may even become endangered in the near future
The main threats to the species include habitat loss due to deforestation and poaching for their beautiful antlers and meat.
Like other species, different parts of the Sambar body are also used in traditional Asian medicine, which further decreases their numbers in the wild.